Table Of Contents
Normocytic anemia
- Def:
- Etiologies:
- Presentation:
- Diagnosis:
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
- Def:
Warm AIHA
- Def:
- Presentation:
- Precipitating factors:
- Diagnosis:
- Labs:
- Management:
- 1st line:
- Corticosteroids (1st line)
- prednisone 1-2 mg/kg/day in divided doses
- taper slowly to prevent a recurrence
- calcium, vitamin D, folic acid, biphosphonate therapy to prevent osteoporosis
- Splenectomy
- effective in 2/3, rarely done in children
- Immunosuppression or Immunomodulation
- cyclophosphamide, azathioprine
- In emergencies, short term IVIG
- Corticosteroids (1st line)
- 2nd line:
- Immunosuppression: rituximab, azathioprine
- RBC Transfusion (some caution, because risk of reaction is very high in these patients)
- Immunosuppression: rituximab, azathioprine
- 1st line:
Cold AIHA
- Def:
- Presentation:
- Precipitating factors:
- Diagnosis:
- Management:
Hereditary spherocytosis
- Def:
- Presentation:
- Complications:
- Diagnosis:
- Management:
G6PD Deficiency
- Def:
- Presentation:
- Diagnosis:
- Management:
- Avoid oxidative triggers such as dapsone, quinidine, and sulfonamides
- prevent hemolysis!
- avoid environmental triggers (mothballs)
- treat hemolysis: discontinue oxidant drugs, increase oral/IV fluids, RBC transfusions if necessary
- screen for G6PD in HIV/AIDs patients and elderly women susceptible to UTIs who may require Bactrim
MAHA
- Def:
- Types of disorders:
- Diagnosis:
- Management:
Sickle Cell Disorders
Sickle cell anemia (SS)
- Def:
Sickle cell trait (AS)
- Def:
Hemoglobin C disease (CC)
Hemoglobin C trait (AC)
SC disease (SC)
- Def: