ACS Breast Cancer Screening Guidelines
- Women (40-44 years) have the option to start screening with a mammogram every year
- Women (45-54 years) should get yearly mammograms
- Women (> 55 years) choose to get a mammogram yearly or every other year
- Screening should continue as long as in good health with a 10+ year life expectancy
- Clinical and self breast exams not recommended for screening
Breast Cancer
- Location:
- Risk Factors:
- Female (1% in males)
- Increasing age: Over 55
- Personal history: Breast cancer in one breast increases the risk of getting it in the other breast
- Family history
- Genetic mutation (BRCA1 and BRCA2)
- Early menarche or late menopause
- Nulliparity or late age first pregnancy
- Hormone therapy
- Radiation exposure during adolescence
- Benign breast disease
- Obesity
- High-fat diet
- Increased alcohol intake
- Presentation:
- Diagnosis:
Breast Cancer Staging
Stage 0 | Carcinoma in situ – Presence of localized cancer cells |
Stage 1 | Tumor < 2cm, no nodes, no mets |
Stage 2 | Tumor 2-5 cm, 0-1 nodes, no mets |
Stage 3 | Tumor > 5 cm, no nodes, no mets OR any size with more extensive lymph node involvement, no mets |
Stage 4 | Any size with nodes and distant mets |
Breast Cancer Treatment
- -Surgery
- -Chemo
- -Radiation
- -Hormone Therapy
- Types:
- R/PR receptor-positive tumor: Responds or is stimulated by ER/PR
- -Estrogen receptor antagonists
- -Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERM)
- -Aromatase inhibitors
- -Selective estrogen receptor down-regulators (SERD)
- -Use meds for 5 years and then continue for 5 years if there is no recurrence of the tumor
- Types:
- -Biological (targeted) therapy